There are two main reasons for pruning trees, shrubs, and fruit trees: either they have become overgrown, diseased, or partially dead, or pruning is needed as a preventative measure to avoid future problems.

Formative pruning involves shaping young trees so they grow strong and stable as they mature. This typically includes removing competing leaders, crossing branches, and any weak growth that could cause structural issues later on.

When trees, bushes, or fruit trees have outgrown their space—or when they become dead, diseased, or unsafe—they will require more extensive pruning. In some cases, if the problem is severe, complete removal may be the safest and most effective option.